The purpose of this investigation is to determine the distribution of sediment transported by the Apalaohicola River into Apalachicola Bay and vicinity and to determine factors which would aid in the interpretation of similar ancient environments recorded in sedimentary rocks. This objective is based on the premise that the factors and the forces presently acting upon the sediment types are similar to those of the geologic past. The nature and variability of the sediments were investigated by statistical procedures to quantitatively evaluate the parameters of sedimentation; source, transport, site of deposition and diagenesis. In addition, associations of primary sedimentary structures with environment and sediment distribution were also studied. Data of this nature offer a detailed understanding of the environment and permit a quantitative approach to the lithostratigraphic problems of finding similar environments in the rock record.